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Scaling and Root Planing: Procedure, Benefits, and Aftercare Tips

10 minute read

Last updated 11/2025

Dr. Robert Lee, a dental professional with 35 years of experience.

This blog has been reviewed and approved by Dr Robert Lee, a dental professional of 35 years

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  • Contents

  • What Is Scaling and Root Planing?
  • Why Is Scaling and Root Planing Important?
  • Scaling and Root Planing Procedure
  • Aftercare Tips for a Smooth Recovery
  • Risks and Benefits
  • Summary
  • Oral-B Knows That Healthy Gums Are the Foundation of a Healthy Mouth
  • FAQs
  • References

Quick hit key takeaways

1

Scaling and Root Planing  is a deep cleaning procedure that removes plaque and tartar from above and below the gumline. It smooths the tooth roots to promote healing.

2

The procedure is an effective treatment for gum disease, which helps prevent tooth loss and maintain good oral health.

3

Proper aftercare is crucial for healing and includes gentle brushing and using a recommended mouthwash.

4

Recoverycan also be helped by eating soft foods and staying hydrated.

5

Make sure you attend all follow-up appointments.

Summary

Your dentist or dental hygienist has recommended scaling and root planing. Now you're probably wondering what that is, what it involves, and how it can improve your oral health. It sounds scary, but scaling and planing are often referred to as a "deep cleaning." The procedure is essential for treating gum disease and preventing more serious dental issues. This article will break down what scaling and root planing are, the benefits they offer, and how to care for your gums afterward.

Close-up of dental tool scaling plaque off the inside of teeth

What Is Scaling and Root Planing?

Scaling and root planing is a two-step dental procedure aimed at treating periodontitis (gum disease), particularly after it has progressed beyond the initial stage of gingivitis.

It's essentially a deep cleaning that reaches deeper beneath your gums.

Scaling

  • Involves the removal of plaque and tartar from above and below the gumline
  • Crucial because plaque and tartar harbor bacteria that can led to gum inflammation and infection
  • Helps reduce the bacterial load in the mouth

Root Planing

  • Follows scaling, focuses on the tooth roots
  • The dentist or dental hygienist smooths the roots to remove any remaining tartar and eliminate rough spots where bacteria can accumulate
  • Helps the gums reattach more firmly to the teeth and promotes better stability

Why Is Scaling and Root Planing Important?

Gum disease is a leading cause of tooth loss in adults. It begins with gingivitis and causes swollen, bleeding gums. It can progress to periodontitis where gums pull away from the teeth and pockets form that become infected. Left untreated, can lead to bone loss and tooth mobility. Scaling and root planing are effective treatments for gum disease. Thoroughly cleaning the roots helps:

  • Eliminate infection
  • Reduce gum inflammation
  • Promote the healing of gum tissues
  • Improve oral health
  • Prevent the progression to more severe forms of gum disease
Close-up of patient getting their teeth examined in a dentist’s office

Scaling and Root Planing Procedure

  • A topical or local anesthetic is given to numb the area
  • Plaque and tartar (scale) is scraped from your teeth, both above and below the gumline down to the periodontal pocket
  • The rough surfaces on the roots of the teeth are smoothed (planing) which helps the gums reattach to the teeth
  • Antibiotics might be placed directly into the periodontal pockets, and oral antibiotics might be prescribed to take after the procedure.

Aftercare Tips for a Smooth Recovery

Proper aftercare is crucial for effective healing and to maintain the benefits of the procedure.

Follow Proper Oral Hygiene Practices

  • Brush your teeth twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Be gentle around the treated areas to avoid causing further irritation or damage to the gums
  • Floss daily to remove plaque and food particles from between your teeth and along the gumline

Use a Gentle Mouthwash

  • Use a mild, alcohol-free mouthwash. Gentle, antimicrobial mouthwashes can help reduce bacteria and promote healing
  • Mouthwashes that contain alcohol can cause dryness and irritation to sensitive gum tissue

Eat Soft Foods

  • For the first few days following scaling and root planing eat foods that are gentle on the gums
  • Food like yogurt, mashed potatoes, scrambled eggs and soups will help to avoid putting pressure on your gums
  • Avoid hard, crunchy, and spicy foods that can cause discomfort and delay healing

Stay Hydrated

  • Drink plenty of water throughout the day, which keeps your mouth hydrated and washes away food particles and bacteria

Avoid Irritants

  • Avoid smoking and alcohol which can irritate the gums and delay healing
  • Avoid acidic beverages like citrus juices and sodas that can cause discomfort

Manage Sensitivity and Discomfort

  • To manage sensitivity to hot and cold foods and drinks, use a desensitizing toothpaste
  • Avoid consuming extremely hot or cold foods and drinks
  • Take any medications recommended by your dentist regularly

Avoid Intense Physical Activity

  • Avoid strenuous physical activity for at least 24 hours after the procedure
  • Allow your body to focus on healing and prevents any bleeding or discomfort caused by increased blood flow

Attend Follow-Up Appointments and Routine Checkups

  • Ensures the scaling and root planing treatment was effective
  • Allows any complications to be detected and addressed before they become serious
  • Is a good way to monitor your overall oral health

Risks and Benefits

Like so many things when it comes to oral health, there are both risks and benefits to scaling and root planing. The benefits tend to outweigh any risks.

Benefits

  • Prevent tooth loss and gum recession
  • Reduce your risk for advanced gum disease
  • Gets rid of the oral bacteria that causes halitosis (bad breath)
  • Improve overall health by reducing harmful bacteria in your mouth that can travel through your bloodstream to other parts of your body

Risks

  • Bleeding: Some bleeding is normal after the procedure. Let your dentist or dental hygienist know if you have excessive bleeding that doesn’t stop.
  • Gum Recession: If your gums were swollen before your scaling and root planing, they will shrink back once the infection is gone. Because of this, you might see a little more of your teeth roots.
  • Infection: Scaling and root planing can introduce harmful bacteria into your bloodstream, which could lead to bacteremia or blood infection. Prescribed antibiotics or mouth rinse can reduce this risk.
  • Loose Teeth: Your teeth might feel a little loose immediately after the procedure. This should go away once your gums heal and tighten back up.
  • Teeth Sensitivity: Removing plaque and tartar can make your teeth more sensitive to heat and cold. This sensitivity should go away in a month or two.
  • Tenderness: Your gums might feel a little sore for a couple of days. Taking over-the-counter pain relievers can manage discomfort.

Summary

Scaling and root planing are a crucial procedure for treating gum disease and preventing more serious dental and health issues. By removing plaque and tartar from under the gums and smoothing tooth roots, this deep cleaning helps gums heal and reattach to teeth.

Starting with a local anesthetic, the procedure involves scraping plaque and tartar from your teeth both above and below your gums. Rough tooth roots are then smoothed out. The process takes one to two hours to complete and may be done in one appointment, or split into two, with few risks or complications.

Afterwards, the patient may be given prescribed antibiotics to help prevent infection and can use over-the-counter pain medications to help with discomfort. Apart from avoiding strenuous activities for 24 hours and eating soft foods for the first few days, you can return to your daily routine. With proper aftercare, including maintaining routine dental checkups, most patients experience a smooth recovery and improved oral health.

Oral-B Knows That Healthy Gums Are the Foundation of a Healthy Mouth

Healthy gums are crucial to tooth and mouth health. In the event of gum disease (also known as gingivitis), the first line of defense is to see a dental professional. They can do a proper examination, determine the level of periodontal disease, and recommend treatments. But there are things you can do to help.

  • Oral-B iO electric toothbrushes help protect against tooth and gum issues. For existing gum problems, they have been shown to be more effective than a manual toothbrush and certain sonic toothbrushes. Additionally, when used with its brush tracking app, the Oral-B iO can help users manage even advanced gum issues more effectively.
  • Crest Gum Detoxify is an advanced stannous fluoride toothpaste. When used as part of your daily routine, its activated foam helps neutralize harmful plaque bacteria even in hard-to-reach areas. It is clinically proven to lead to healthier gums.
  • The Oral-B iO Gentle Care replacement brush head features over 4,000 thin, high-density bristles that adapt to the curve of the tooth for a gentle, effective clean. When paired with the iO toothbrush, it provides a superior clean along the gumline compared to a regular manual toothbrush.
  • Crest Pro-Health Multi-Protection Mouthwash is clinically proven to provide 24-hour protection against plaque and gingivitis when used twice daily.
  • Oral-B Glide Pro-Health Deep Clean Floss’s microtextured fiber removes plaque and helps prevent gingivitis as part of a complete dental plan.

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FAQs

Does scaling and root planing hurt?

Scaling and root planing is generally not a painful procedure. Local anesthesia is typically used to numb the area. However, some discomfort, such as soreness or sensitivity, is common afterwards but it should subside within a few days.

How long does scaling and root planing take?

The procedure takes one to two hours to complete. Your dentist or dental hygienist might do everything in one visit. Or they might clean half your teeth during one appointment and the other half during a second one.

How much does scaling and root planing cost?

The cost of the procedure can vary significantly, potentially ranging from a few hundred to over a thousand dollars per quadrant, depending on factors like the extent of gum disease, the number of teeth treated, and your geographic location. Dental insurance often covers scaling and root planing costs, especially when it's considered medically necessary for gum disease treatment. Coverage may vary depending on your specific plan and the severity of your gum disease. Check with your insurance provider to understand the specific coverage of your plan.

How long after scaling and root planing can I eat?

It is generally recommended to wait at least 2 hours, or until the anesthesia wears off, before eating. This allows the gum tissue to recover and reduces the risk of accidental biting or irritation.

Do I need to have scaling and root planing done regularly?Do I need to have scaling and root planing done regularly?

Ideally, you’ll need scaling and root planing only once. After your dentist or dental hygienist removes the tartar and bacteria, regular professional dental cleanings and good oral hygiene should help keep you on track. The goal of scaling and root planing is to improve the health of your gums so you won’t need another deep cleaning.

Should everyone get scaling and root planing?

No. Scaling and root planing is for individuals with gum disease, specifically periodontitis, when pockets between the teeth and gums are too deep to be cleaned with a standard cleaning. It's not necessary for people with healthy gums and teeth.

References